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2.1.2 Observations and conditions of exterior orientation

For aerial as well as for terrestrial images, the observations and conditions of exterior orientation can be introduced into the adjustment. In many cases the number of geodetic measurements can thus be reduced considerably or they may even be completely eliminated. The main considerations are:

  • Centring on terrestrial stations Section 2.1.2.1
  • Measured angles of an inertial measurement unit (IMU) mounted on the camera in the airplane (IMU: Inertial Measurement Unit, INS: Inertial Navigation System). See Section 2.1.2.2.
  • Stereo metric camera conditions Section 2.1.2.3.
  • Coordinate and angle differences or distances between two photos. See Section 2.1.2.4
  • Kinematic differential GPS measurements of the photo locations during the photo flight.
    See Section 2.1.3.

The GPS applications for the flights in principal belong to this group of observation, too. In Section 2.1.3 they are explained separately.