3dView

Draw BINGO results in 3D, including the block layout, all residuals, confidence ellipsoids, and photo measurements

This program displays a block layout, control-point residuals, GPS projection-center residuals, all photo measurements, true footprints for all photos, and confidence ellipsoids for all points.

Getting started

After starting 3dView, a file-selection window opens.

In the file-selection window, select the files to display:

• ITERA file containing BINGO adjustment results, such as photo orientations, point coordinates, and camera data. The default filename is itera.dat.
• Control-point and check-point residuals and confidence-ellipsoid data. The default filename is reselli.dat.
• GPS/IMU residual file. The default filename is gpsresi.dat.
• Image coordinate file used to find image-corner points for drawing true footprints. The default filename is image.dat.
• Lines file used to draw areas of interest, borders, or water areas, for example. The default filename is lines.dat.

While the file-selection window is open, changing the project directory in BINGO Manager affects this application.

To reset all filenames, select Settings > Set File Defaults.

To reset all graphics parameters, select Settings > Set Drawing Defaults.

Click Draw to open the graphics window and close the file-selection window. To return to the file-selection window, select File > File Selection.

After you click Draw, the program checks whether all selected files exist. If they do, the program reads them as follows:

• From the ITERA file: all adjusted ORIT, ORIA, CORD, and CAPA data.
• From the control-residual file reselli.dat: all check-point and control-point residuals and the confidence-ellipsoid data.
• From the GPS/IMU residual file: all GPS/IMU residuals.
• From the image coordinate file: all photo data. The program finds the points closest to the four image corners and uses them to create true footprints.
• From the lines file: polygon lines. Each line in the file represents one polygon point. An empty line ends a polygon. Each point has the following format:

            [Point-ID]  [ X  Y  [ Z ] ]
i.e.
            Point-ID
    or      Point-ID  X  Y
    or      X  Y
    or      X  Y  Z

If only a point ID is provided, it must be an existing point or photo ID. If X and Y coordinates are provided, any point ID is ignored.

If a file is missing or an error occurs while reading it, the 3dView window remains open so that you can select other files. Click Draw to create the graphics window. The graphics display parameters are explained below.

Only one of the two windows—the file-selection window or the graphics window—can be open. To open a second graphics window, start another 3dView task.

All files are created by BINGO or RELAX. To make confidence-ellipsoid data available, enable Data Snooping in the parameter window. Also enable Write to ITERA file; otherwise, the residual files are not created or updated.

Properties of the graphics window

Adjust the settings in the graphics window as needed. Drag any edge or corner to resize the window.

Use the mouse wheel to zoom the complete graphics. To zoom only the height scale, dZ, hold the left Ctrl or Shift key while using the mouse wheel. Hold the left mouse button to pan the graphics.

Click Refresh to remove pop-ups from the drawing.

The footprint size is estimated using the corner points of each photo. For terrestrial photos, the median point scale in the photo is used. The photo-residual file imresi.dat is required to find the points visible in the images. If this file is unavailable, a median height is used to estimate the corner points.

Footprints can be drawn at full size or at a reduced size of one-third. The reduced size may provide a better overview.

Lines from an additional file, lines.dat, can also be drawn. If line drawing is enabled, the file must exist. Each line in the file represents one polygon point. An empty line ends a polygon. Each point has the following format:

Point-ID   [ X  Y  [ Z ] ]

A point ID is required. Z is optional, as are X and Y. If no coordinates are provided, the program first searches for the point ID in the adjusted-point list and then in the photo-ID list. If the point is not found, the line is interrupted.

Settings are saved to 3dView.ini in the \Bingo\bin\ directory.

Save and print graphics

The GIF File button on the More property page opens a window for copying the current screen graphics to the clipboard or saving them to a file in the project directory. The output format can be GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) or PNG (Portable Network Graphics). GIF files have the smallest size; PNG files are larger but provide better colors. The selected format is saved in the INI file.

Without opening this window, press Ctrl+C to copy the graphics to the clipboard or Ctrl+S to save them to a file.

If the last two characters of the filename are digits (for example, 3dView_Graph_00), the number is incremented automatically. This prevents existing files from being overwritten. Other filenames have no protection against overwriting.

A frame containing the Text for GIF file annotation is added to the output file and clipboard data. Therefore, an eight-pixel-wide area along the edges of the screen image is excluded from the file output.

Press Ctrl+V to paste the graphics from the clipboard into Windows applications such as Microsoft Photo Editor, Word, PowerPoint, Outlook, Paint, Adobe Photoshop, or IrfanView.

The free IrfanView application provides a convenient printing interface for creating paper copies of the drawings. Printouts from large screens provide acceptable resolution up to DIN A2.

Special feature rotation

Press Ctrl+R to start rotating the screen graphics. Press Ctrl+R again to stop the rotation.

Catching objects in an area

Hold the X key and move the cursor by at least one pixel to display a red square. The square follows the pointer and displays the names of all points and images inside it. The square has a fixed size, but zooming the graphics changes the area it covers.

Right-click to copy all selected names to the BINGO Manager message window. You can then select the names and press Ctrl+C to copy them to the clipboard. Press Ctrl+V to paste them into the parameter window.

Symbols and colors

Control points and check points are displayed with a triangle, all other object points with a small magenta or green ball.

Color explanation for residual vectors, point numbers, and symbols

Point type	Color
Control XYZ	Yellow
Control XY	White
Control Z	Cyan
Check-point symbols	Green
Other points from reselli.dat	Green
Tie points between strips	Green
Bridging points between photos	Magenta
Bridging points in two photos only	Red

According to these colors, the XY residual vector is displayed in white, the Z residual in cyan, and the 3D vector in yellow, if selected.

Color explanation for confidence ellipsoids

Confidence ellipsoids are displayed in magenta or green according to the point color shown above.

Color explanation for image connections

The color of each connection line depends on the number of homologous points between the photos:

Common points	Color
1 or 2 common points	Gray
3 to 5 common points	Cyan
6 or more common points	Yellow

Exposure data

The projection centers are displayed as small red dots. A red vector associated with a dot indicates the x' direction in the image coordinate system, normally the flight direction.

Pop-up information

On the third property page, Pop, select which elements respond when the mouse moves slowly over them. You can also select the information shown in the pop-up.

Copying data to BINGO Manager or pipe

Right-click a footprint, point, or photo symbol to copy its ID to the BINGO Manager message window. Select the data with the mouse and press Ctrl+C to copy it to the clipboard. Press Ctrl+V to paste it elsewhere, such as into an editor.

This function requires pop-up sensitivity to be enabled for these elements on the Pop property page. The IDs of the symbols under the cursor then appear in a white pop-up inside the graphics area.

Click the middle mouse button (mouse wheel) to copy the current cursor position in the ground coordinate system to the BINGO Manager message window. This function requires Perspective from Z to be selected.

When 3dView starts, it checks for an open pipe named picked_points. If the pipe is open, points are sent to it instead of the BINGO Manager message window. BingoATM opens this pipe and can immediately display the related images and positions.

REPLO, ImgView, GpsView, and 3dView can send data to the pipe. The pipe must be open before the graphics program starts.

The pipe test program ReadPipe_picked_points.exe is available in \Bingo\bin\. Only one program can connect to the pipe at a time. A second graphics task waits for access to the pipe and does not open the file-selection window.

Press Esc to close the graphics window.