REPLO

Draw the complete block layout, residuals, and confidence ellipses

Sprache

Diese Programmhilfe ist derzeit nur auf Englisch verfügbar.

This program displays a block layout, control-point and check-point residuals, GPS projection-center residuals, true footprints for aerial photos, confidence ellipses for all points, weak areas, unused data from the GEOIN file, survey data such as angles and distances, and data from a special lines file.

Getting started

After starting REPLO, a file-selection window opens.

Select the following files:

• GEOIN file containing control-point and check-point coordinates, camera data, and survey measurements. The default filename is geoin.dat.
• ITERA file containing BINGO adjustment results, such as photo orientations, point coordinates, and camera data. The default filename is itera.dat.
• Control-point and check-point residuals and confidence-ellipsoid data. The default filename is reselli.dat.
• GPS/IMU residual file. The default filename is gpsresi.dat.
• Image coordinate file used to find image-corner points for drawing true footprints. The default filename is image.dat.
• Lines file used to draw areas of interest, borders, or water areas, for example. The default filename is lines.dat.

While the file-selection window is open, changing the project directory in BINGO Manager affects this application.

To reset all filenames, select Settings > Set File Defaults.

To reset all graphics parameters, select Settings > Set Drawing Defaults.

Click Draw to open the graphics window and close the file-selection window. To return to the file-selection window, select File > File Selection.

After you click Draw, the program checks whether all selected files exist. If they do, the program reads them as follows:

• From the GEOIN file: all CONT, CHCK, and CORD point coordinates and all AZIM, SEDI, SED&, ZEDI, DISH, DIS3, DIFX, DIFY, and DIFZ survey data.
• From the ITERA file: all adjusted ORIT, ORIA, CORD, and CAPA data.
• From the control-residual file reselli.dat: all check-point and control-point residuals and the confidence-ellipsoid data.
• From the GPS/IMU residual file: all GPS/IMU residuals.
• From the image coordinate file: all photo data. The program finds the points closest to the four image corners and uses them to create true footprints.
• From the lines file: polygon lines. Each line in the file represents one polygon point. An empty line ends a polygon. Each point has the following format:

            [Point-ID]  [ X  Y  [ Z ] ]
i.e.
            Point-ID
    or      Point-ID  X  Y
    or      X  Y
    or      X  Y  Z

If only a point ID is provided, it must be an existing point or photo ID. If X and Y coordinates are provided, any point ID is ignored.

If a file is missing or an error occurs while reading it, the REPLO window remains open so that you can select other files. Click Draw to create the graphics window. The graphics display parameters are explained below.

Only one of the two windows—the file-selection window or the graphics window—can be open. To open a second graphics window, start another REPLO task.

All input files except the GEOIN file are created by BINGO or RELAX. To make confidence-ellipse data available, enable Data Snooping in the parameter window. Also enable Write to ITERA file; otherwise, the residual files are not created or updated.

Properties of the graphics window

Adjust the settings in the graphics window as needed. Drag any edge or corner to resize the window. Use the mouse wheel to zoom. Hold the left mouse button to pan the graphics; when the button is released, the graphics are redrawn and the shift becomes visible.

To specify the drawing size, select Settings > Set Drawing Size and enter the preferred values.

The size of all vectors and ellipses can be set automatically or selected individually using Vector & ellipse scale. To provide a wide range of possible values, set the 10 power value. Smaller values produce longer vectors. When these elements are displayed, a vector and ellipse scale appears in the lower-left corner of the frame.

As you move the cursor across the drawing surface, the ground coordinates at the cursor appear in the lower-left corner of the window.

Right-click a point or photo center to copy its ID to the BINGO Manager message window. You can then select it with the mouse and press Ctrl+C to copy it to the clipboard.

If an item on the left side of the window, such as Residual vector & ellipses or Background color, is highlighted in blue, use the mouse wheel to change its value.

Change the project text in the Text for drawing field.

Footprints can be drawn at full size or at a reduced size of one-third. The reduced size provides a better overview.

If only the GEOIN file is selected as input, select Unused data to display the points from that file.

Click Reset to fit the graphics to the specified frame.

Settings are saved to Replo.ini in the \Bingo\bin\ directory.

Save and print graphics

The GIF File button opens a window for copying the current screen graphics to the clipboard or saving them to a file in the project directory. The output format can be GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) or PNG (Portable Network Graphics). GIF files have the smallest size; PNG files are larger but provide better colors. The selected format is saved in the INI file.

Without opening this window, press Ctrl+C to copy the graphics to the clipboard or Ctrl+S to save them to a file.

If the last two characters of the filename are digits (for example, Replo_Graph_00), the number is incremented automatically. This prevents existing files from being overwritten. Other filenames have no protection against overwriting.

Press Ctrl+V to paste the graphics from the clipboard into Windows applications such as Microsoft Photo Editor, Word, PowerPoint, Outlook, Paint, Adobe Photoshop, or IrfanView.

The free IrfanView application provides a convenient printing interface for creating paper copies of the drawings. Printouts from large screens provide acceptable resolution up to DIN A2.

Copying data to BINGO Manager or pipe

Right-click a point or photo symbol to copy its ID to the BINGO Manager message window. Select the data with the mouse and press Ctrl+C to copy it to the clipboard. Press Ctrl+V to paste it elsewhere, such as into an editor.

Click the middle mouse button (mouse wheel) to copy the current cursor position in the ground coordinate system to the BINGO Manager message window.

If the pipe named picked_points is open, IDs and positions are copied to the pipe instead of the BINGO Manager message window.

See also ATP memory and pipe.

Symbols and colors

The background color can be blue or white. Select Bold to draw bold lines and enlarged symbols.

Control points are displayed as triangles, check points as double squares, and CORD points from the GEOIN file as rhombuses.

Projection centers are displayed as circles. For aerial photos, a dash indicates the x' direction, normally the flight direction. For terrestrial photos, it indicates the exposure direction. A dot inside the photo circle indicates the GPS position.

Color explanation for symbols, point numbers, and residual vectors

Point type	Blue background color	White background color
Control and check XYZ	White	Dark magenta
Control and check XY	Yellow	Dark yellow
Control and check Z	Blue	Blue
CORD points	Mint	Mint
Unused points from GEOIN	Red	Red
Other two-ray points	Red	Red
More than three-ray bridging points	Pink	Blue
Points in two flight lines (tie points) or in a survey net	Magenta	Magenta
Aerial photos	Aubergine	Aubergine
Terrestrial photos	Blue	Blue
Survey distances	Green	Green
Survey angles	Red	Red

Weak areas

This function helps detect problem areas in the block by providing an overview of its precision.

For each point visible in the drawing, the program estimates the three major axes, a, b, and c, of the confidence ellipsoid. Axis a is always the longest. The program estimates the RMS point precision from the longest axis of every ellipsoid as rms(a).

The program then divides the block into sections. For each section, it determines the absolute longest axis a and the RMS of all a values for graphical presentation.

The absolute longest axis a is displayed as a filled circle. The circle is normally green and turns red if the longest axis exceeds three times rms(a). The RMS value within a section is displayed as a white circle.

Zooming and panning allows identification of single bad points.

This graphics window cannot be closed using the Esc key.

ATP memory and pipe

To prepare measurements of new photo points, for example in poorly covered areas, set positions on the drawing surface. Click the middle mouse button (mouse wheel) to set additional point coordinates. These points are collected in a special ATP memory. Before closing the graphics window, save this memory to addtie.dat.

The measurement software can use these positions to find new tie points. Several menu options are available for this memory. REPLO reads the file again when it starts.

When REPLO starts, it checks for an open pipe named picked_points. If the pipe is open, points are sent to it in addition to being stored in ATP memory. BingoATM opens this pipe and can immediately display the related images and positions.

REPLO, ImgView, GpsView, and 3dView can send data to the pipe. The pipe must be open before the graphics program starts.

The pipe test program ReadPipe_picked_points.exe is available in \Bingo\bin\. Only one program can connect to the pipe at a time. A second graphics task waits for access to the pipe and does not open the file-selection window.